Complete Process of Trademark Registration in India

Trademark registration in India is a legal process that grants exclusive rights to use a brand name, logo, slogan, or other distinctive signs associated with a business.

Step-by-step guide to registering a trademark in India:

Step 1: Trademark Search

Before filing an application, conduct a trademark search on the [Indian Trademark Registry](https://ipindiaonline.gov.in) to ensure your desired mark is unique and not already registered.

- Use the Public Search feature under "Trademarks"

- Check for identical or similar trademarks in the same class

- Avoid conflicts to reduce rejection chances

Step 2: Determine Trademark Class

India follows the Nice Classification system, which categorizes trademarks into 45 classes (34 for goods, 11 for services).

- Select the correct class(es) for your business (e.g., Class 25 for apparel, Class 35 for advertising)

- You can file in multiple classes (additional fees apply)

Step 3: Prepare & File Trademark Application

Submit Form TM-A online via the [IP India Portal](https://ipindiaonline.gov.in).

Documents Required:

- Applicant’s details (individual, company, or LLP)

- Logo/brand name (in JPEG format if graphical)

- Proof of business (GST registration, incorporation certificate, etc.)

- Power of Attorney (if filed through an agent)

- User affidavit (if claiming prior use)

Fees:

- Individual/Startup/Small Enterprise: ₹4,500 per class (e-filing)

- Others (Companies/LLPs): ₹9,000 per class (e-filing)

Step 4: Examination by Trademark Office

- The Registrar examines the application within 1-3 months

- An Examination Report is issued, either:

- Accepted → Moves to publication

- Objections raised → Reply must be filed within 30 days

Step 5: Publication in Trademark Journal

- If accepted, the mark is published in the Trademark Journal for 4 months

- Third parties can oppose the registration within this period

Step 6: Opposition (If Any)

- If someone files an opposition, a hearing is conducted

- Both parties submit evidence; the Registrar decides

Step 7: Trademark Registration & Certification

- If no opposition (or opposition is dismissed), the trademark is registered

- A Registration Certificate is issued (valid for 10 years)

Step 8: Renewal

- Renew every 10 years by filing Form TM-R

- Late renewal possible within 6 months (with extra fees)

Why Register a Trademark?

✅ Legal protection against infringement

✅ Exclusive rights to use the brand

✅ Builds brand value & trust

✅ Can be licensed or sold